CS & ECE 444/544 Supervisory Control and Critical Infrastructure Systems

Lecture 1

• Course Syllabus
• Lecture 1 handwritten notes
• Hw 0: Background and Objectives (PDF)
• Hw 0: Background and Objectives (MS Word)

Lecture 2

• Lecture 2 handwritten notes

Reference Material related to time synchronized measurements

• Link to paper: A. Johnson, R. Tucker, T. Tran, J. Paserba, D. Sullivan, C. Anderson and D. Whitehead, "Static Var Compensation Controlled via Synchrophasors," Presented at 2007 Western Protective Relay Conference, Spokane Washington
• Link to paper: J. V. Espinoza, A. Guzmán, F. Calero, M. V. Mynam, and E. Palma, "Wide-Area Protection and Control Scheme Maintains Central America’s Power System Stability," Presented at 2012 Western Protective Relay Conference, Spokane Washington.

Lecture 3

• Lecture 3 handwritten notes

Reference Material

• Reading for next time: section 1.6, start chapter 2
• References on detecting conductor breaks from question in class
• K. Dase, S. Harmukh,A. Chatterjee, "Detecting and Locating Broken Conductor Faults on High-Voltage Lines to Prevent Autoreclosing Onto Permanent Faults," 76th Annual Georgia Tech Protective Relay Conference, May 2023.
• K. Dase, J. Colwell, S. Pai, "Novel Methods for Detecting Conductor Breaks in Power Lines" 50th Western Protective Relay Conference, October 2023.
• Y. Gong, G. Juvekar, K. Dase, "Zero-Setting Broken Conductor Detection Method Using Local Measurements Only" 50th Western Protective Relay Conference, October 2023.
• W. O'Brien, E. Urden, K. Garg, D. Haes, B. Sridharan, "Catching Falling Conductors in Midair – Detecting and Tripping Broken Distribution Circuit Conductors at Protection Speeds" 50th Western Protective Relay Conference, October 2023.
• Background material related to power systems
• Electricity 101-Learn the basics of production (from a General Electric Web Page)
• Electrical Grid 101: All You Need to Know
• List of Critical Infrastructure Sectors

Lecture 4

• Lecture 4 handwritten notes

Reference Material

• M. Ross, J. Bettler, J. Silva, A. Wade, D. Dolezilek, M. Silveira, R. Abboud, "Case Study: Defining and Measuring Protection Signal Transfer Speed, Latency, and Reliability Within Digital Trip Circuits," Presented at the 49th Annual Western Protective Relay Conference. October 2022

Lecture 5

• Lecture 5 handwritten notes
• Sampling and A/D conversion calculation Mathcad example (PDF)
• Sampling and A/D conversion calculation Mathcad example (Mathcad Format)
• Sampling and A/D conversion calculation Mathcad example (Mathcad Prime Format-zipped)
• Sampling and A/D conversion calculation MS Excel example (PDF)
• Sampling and A/D conversion calculation MS Excel example (Excel format)



• Digital filtering example -for next time (PDF)
• Digital filtering example -for next time (Mathcad format)
• Digital filtering example -for next time (Mathcad Prime format-zipped)

Lecture 6

• Lecture 6 handwritten notes
• Handout related to communication media (PDF)

Lecture 7

• No scanned notes or handouts

Lecture 8

• Lecture 8 handwritten notes
• Handout with overview of power systems operations (PDF)

Lecture 9

• Lecture 9 handwritten notes
• Quad sheet examples from past years (PDF)

• Video with overview of the Western Energy Imbalance Market
• Western Energy Imbalance Market web page
• Video describing how one type of energy market works
• Video on understanding US energy markets

Lecture 10

• Lecture 10 handwritten notes
• Operational technology communication (PDF)

• California ISO Today's Outlook Scroll down to see load and netload. You can select the "Supply" tab to see different types of generation
• BPA Balancing Authority Load and Total VER, Hydro, Fossil/Biomass, and Nuclear Generation, Near-Real-Time

Lecture 11

• Lecture 11 handwritten notes

Reading for next time

• Sections 3.9.3 in the textbook
• DNP Primer
• IEEE Standard 1815-2012: IEEE Standard for Electric Power Systems Communications--Distributed Network Protocol (DNP3)
• https://www.dnp.org
• IEEE Standard 1815.1-2015: IEEE Standard for Exchanging Information Between Networks Implementing IEC 61850 and IEEE Std 1815^TM [Distributed Network Protocol (DNP3)]

Lecture 12

• Lecture 12 handwritten notes
• Introduction to SCADA Protocols and application of DNP3

Lecture 13

• Lecture 13 handwritten notes

Lecture 14

• Lecture 14 handwritten notes

Reading

• Energy Management Systems: Chapter 5 of textbook, through section 5.7
• IEEE Standard 2030.100-2017: IEEE Recommended Practice for Implementing an IEC 61850-Based Substation Communications, Protection, Monitoring, and Control System Section 3 provides a detailed introduction to IEC 68150

Lecture 15

• Intro to IEC 61850
• No handwritten notes

Lecture 16

• Lecture 16 handwritten notes
• Communications architectures

Reading material

• Sections 3.6 and 3.7 in textbook

Lecture 17

• Lecture 17 handwritten notes

Reading material

• Sections 3.7.1 - 3.7.3 in textbook

For next time

• Skim the first two, you can look at the others if you want to dig deeper


• G. W. Scheer, "Answering Substation Automation Questions Through Fault Tree Analysis," 4th Annual Substation Automation Conference, April 1998


• G.W. Scheer and D.J. Dolezilek, "Comparing the Reliability of Ethernet Network Topologies in Substation Control and Monitoring Networks," 2nd Annual Western Power Delivery Automation Conference, April 2000


• V. Skendzic and G.W. Scheer, "Performance of Redundant Ethernet Networks for Electric Substation Instrumentation and Control," 11th Annual Western Power Delivery Automation Conference, April 2009


• Basic Reliability Concepts (Chapter from book: P. Anderson, Power Systems Protection. Wiley-IEEE Press, 1999 IEEE Press book, available through University of Idaho IEEEXplore Subscription--you need to come from UI IP address or though the UI Library Proxy Server (see Syllabus for instructions)


• Reliability Analysis (Chapter from book: P. Anderson, Power Systems Protection. Wiley-IEEE Press, 1999 IEEE Press


• Fault Tree Analysis of Protective Systems (Chapter from book: P. Anderson, Power Systems Protection. Wiley-IEEE Press, 1999 IEEE Press

Lecture 18

• Lecture 18 handwritten notes
• Handout related to fault tree analysis

Lecture 19

• Lecture 19 handwritten notes
• Handout related to fault tree analysis for ethernet based systems

Lecture 20

• Lecture 20 handwritten notes
• Brief introduction to control systems

Reference material

• T.A. Hughes, Measurement and ControlBasics, 3rd Ed.Text book for those who want to dig a lot deeper into topic

Lecture 21

• Lecture 21 handwritten notes
• IEC 60870-5 and MODBUS
• Introduction to Synchronized Phasor Measurements

Reference Material

1. IEC 60870-5 and MODBUS references
• IEC 60870-5: Section 3.9.2 in the textbook
• MODBUS: Section 3.9.1 in the textbook
• www.modbus.org
• Link to MODBUS Application Protocol Specification
• MODBUS security protocol for TCP/IP
2. Synchrophasor References
• Synchrophasors: Section 3.9.7 in the textbook
• North American Synchrophasor Initiative web page
• Synchrophasor facts sheet (from NASPI web page)
• Link to IEEEXplore for: 60255-118-1-2018 - IEEE/IEC International Standard - Measuring relays and protection equipment - Part 118-1: Synchrophasor for Power Systems Synchrophasor MeasurementsThrough UI Library Remote Access or your own IEEEXplore subscription
• Link to IEEEXplore for: C37.118.2-2011 - IEEE Standard for Synchrophasor Data Transfer for Power Systems -inactive by revision not approved yet. Get through UI Library Remote Access or your own IEEEXplore subscription

Lecture 22

• Lecture 22 handwritten notes
• Synchrophasor protocol

Lecture 23

• Lecture 23 handwritten notes
• A few synchrophasor applications

Reference material

• Link to IEEEXplore for: 1588-2008 - IEEE Standard for a Precision Clock Synchronization Protocol for Networked Measurement and Control Systems Through UI Library Remote Access or your own IEEEXplore subscription
• Link to IEEEXplore for: 60255-118-1-2018 - IEEE/IEC International Standard - Measuring relays and protection equipment - Part 118-1: Synchrophasor for Power Systems Synchrophasor MeasurementsThrough UI Library Remote Access or your own IEEEXplore subscription
• Link to IEEEXplore for: C37.118.2-2011 - IEEE Standard for Synchrophasor Data Transfer for Power Systems Through UI Library Remote Access or your own IEEEXplore subscription
• Link to paper: A. Johnson, R. Tucker, T. Tran, J. Paserba, D. Sullivan, C. Anderson and D. Whitehead, "Static Var Compensation Controlled via Synchrophasors," Presented at 2007 Western Protective Relay Conference, Spokane Washington
• Link to paper: J. V. Espinoza, A. Guzmán, F. Calero, M. V. Mynam, and E. Palma, "Wide-Area Protection and Control Scheme Maintains Central America’s Power System Stability," Presented at 2012 Western Protective Relay Conference, Spokane Washington.

Lecture 24

• Lecture 24 handwritten notes

Lecture 25

• Lecture 25 handwritten notes

References related to precise time

• P. Robertson, K. Fodero, C. Huntley, M. Elshai, D. Williams "Precise Time, All the Time: A Resilient Architecture for the Electric Power Industry and Beyond," IEEE Power and Energy Magazine, vol. 21, no. 5, Sept.-Oct. 2023
• Section 5.11 in textbook
• For next time: look at Chapter 6 in textbook

Lecture 26

• Lecture 26 handwritten notes
• Synchro-waveforms, distribution applications, and microgrids

Reference Material

• H. Mohsenian-Rad and W. Xu, "Synchro-Waveforms: A Window to the Future of Power Systems Data Analytics," IEEE Power and Energy Magazine, Sept/Oct 2023
• Smart Distribution systems: section 7.5 and 7.5 in textbook
• Microgrids: Section 7.6.6 in the textbook
• IEEE 2030.7-2017 - IEEE Standard for the Specification of Microgrid Controllers
• IEEE 1547.4-2011 - IEEE Guide for Design, Operation, and Integration of Distributed Resource Island sysetms with Electric Power Systems
• IEEE 2030-2011- IEEE Guie for Smart Grid Interoperability of Energy Technology and Information Technology Operation with the Electric Power System (EPS), End-Use Applications, and Loads

Lecture 27

• Lecture 27 handwritten notes
• Overview of distribution management systems

Reference Material

• A. Dubey, A. Bose, M. Liu, and L. Ochoa, "Paving the Way for Advanced Distribution Management Systems Applications: Making the Most of Models and Data," IEEE Power and Energy Magazine, January/February 2020.
• E. Boardman, "Advanced Applications in an Advanced Distribution Management System IEEE Power and Energy Magazine, January/February 2020.

Lecture 28

• Lecture 28: No handwritten notes
• Security for Control Systems

Reference material

• Link to NIST 800-53, Rev 5, Security and Privacy Controls for Information Systems and Organizations See page 35 of the PDF file for discussion control families
• Link to NIST 800-82, Rev 3: NIST Guide to Intelligent Control Systems (ICS) Security
• Link to NERC Critical Infrastructure Protection (CIP) standards Click on + to expand, look at "Subject to Enforcement"
• Link to Wired Magazine article: K. Zetter, "Inside the Cunning, Unprecedented Hack of Ukraine’s Power Grid," Wired, March 3, 2016
• Link to article: R. Langner, "To Kill a Centrifuge A Technical Analysis of What Stuxnet’s Creators Tried to Achieve
• Overview of Metcalf Substation physical attack

Lecture 29

• Lecture 29: No handwritten notes
• Steps for conducting site audits

Reference Material

• NERC CIP-014-2 Physical Security
• NERC CIP-007-6 Cyber Security -Systems Security Management
• NIST Cybersecurty Framework (CSF) 1.1: Critical Infrastructure Resources
• Technical Rationale for Reliability Standard CIP-015-1 – Internal Network Security Monitoring

Lecture 30

• Lecture 30

Reference Material

• Technical Rationale for Reliability Standard CIP-015-1 – Internal Network Security Monitoring

Lecture 31

• Lecture 31

Reference Material Related to IoT Technologies in Power Systems and Containerized Installations

• J. Stoupis, R. Rodrigues, M. Razeghi-Jahromi, A. Melese, and J. I. Xavier, "Hierarchical Distribution Grid Intelligence," IEEE Power and Energy Magazine, vol. 21, no. 5, Sept.-Oct. 2023

Homework 1

• Homework 1, due Session 9, February 8 (PDF)
• Homework 1, due Session 9, February 8 (Mathcad copy)
• Homework 1, due Session 9, February 8 (Mathcad Prime copy-zipped)

Lab 1

• TA will provide a copy of the lab procedure
• Lab 1 time options (EO students follow up with TA if additional options are needed)

Project, step 1

• Project: part 1 (due Session 16, March 5)
• Quad sheet template (Powerpoint)
• Quad sheet template (PDF)

Lab 2

• Lab 2: (Report due session 17, March 7)(PDF)

Lab 3

• Lab 3: (Report due session 22, April 2)(PDF) EO students use spreadsheet from previous labs to sign up for a timeslot

Class Project Part 2

• Summary of project deliverables, due 5:00pm Pacific on May 3

Lab 4

• Lab 4 assignment, Report due (April 23)(PDF copy)
• Lab 4 assignment, Report due (April 23)(MS Word copy)